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Impero Ottomano 1900 (gennaio) -1918 (novembre) CercaDefinizione
During the first two decades of the 20th century, the Ottoman Empire was characterized by internal instability, political stagnation, and growing international isolation. Ottoman society was undermined by social, ethnic, and political conflicts. Groups of military officers, educated professionals, and political émigrés attempted to stabilize the empire through the introduction of westernized reforms. The Young Turk Revolution of 1908, while resulting in some internal stabilization and economic progress, proved to have disastrous consequences in foreign policy.
The two Balkan Wars (1912-1913) fought between the Ottoman Empire and the Balkan states (Bulgaria, Serbia, Greece, and Montenegro) led to the loss of almost all Ottoman possessions in Europe and to governmental crisis. The Ottoman Empire entered World War I without having established a reasonable alliance and joined the Central Powers by miscalculation rather than by design. Engagement in warfare on both European and Asian fronts took a heavy toll on the empire and its population. In an effort to control its non-Turkish population, the Ottoman government began repression of Armenians and Arabs. An estimated 600,000 Armenians were killed during 1915 and the following years. As a member of the Central bloc, the Ottoman Empire lost the war and signed the Armistice of Mudros on October 30, 1918. (en-US)
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"Ottoman Empire" Encyclopædia Britannica from Encyclopædia Britannica Premium Service.
http://www.britannica.com/eb/article?eu=120799.