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(PIQ) Spagna CercaDefinizione
Location: On the Iberian Peninsula in southwest Europe, bordered in 1939 by Portugal, France, the Atlantic Ocean, and the Mediterranean Sea.
Capital city: Madrid
History:
Spain became a republic in 1931 after an election that showed overwhelming support for republicanism. Civil War between Republicans and Nationalists began in 1936. The Nationalists, led by General Francisco Franco, received arms from Germany and Italy while the Republicans received aid from the USSR. Upon a 1939 Nationalist victory, Franco became chief of state, and governed with emergency war powers granted to him in 1936. Franco remained in power until his 1975 death. Thousands of Jews fled to Spain as Nazi power grew in Europe. When World War II began, Spain declared neutrality, but supported the Axis powers. After Allied success seemed inevitable in 1943, Spain reaffirmed its neutrality. (en-US)
Fonte
Encyclopaedia Britannica: a dictionary of arts, sciences, and general literature. Chicago: Encyclopaedia Britannica, 1995. Vol. 11, 64-66, Vol. 28, p. 58-61