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Cecoslovacchia 1941 (22 giugno) - 1944 (18 marzo) CercaDefinizione
Definition:
In 1941, 67,000 Jews live in the Felvidék (Upper Province) that Hungary acquires from Czechoslovakia in November 1938. In addition, Hungary controls the 78,000 Jews living in the Carpatho-Ukraine (Podkarpatska Rus') when annexed by Hungary in March 1939.
Before emigration from Czechoslovakia is banned in October 1941, over 25,000 Jews manage to leave either legally or illegally. Nazis use the Jewish Religious Congregation of Prague (JRC) to liquidate Jewish assets, consign Jews to forced labor, and assist deportees. In September 1941, the Nazis order the JRC to take a census of the Jewish population. The 88,105 Jews are forced to wear yellow Jewish badges and live isolated from the rest of the population. Reinhard Heydrich replaces Konstantin von Neurath as Reich protector (September 1941) and initiates a plan to concentrate the Jews in Theresienstadt, wait for their numbers to dwindle, and then transport them to the east. Subsequently, transports bring Jews from around the protectorate to be killed in Belzec, Chelmno, Treblinka, and Majdanek. Of the more than 73,000 Jews transported to Theresienstadt between November 1941 and March 1945, over 60,000 are deported to Auschwitz and other extermination camps and only a little more than 3,000 survive. Heydrich's assassination in May 1942 leads to complete Nazi control in the protectorate and retaliatory measures for his murder. In February 1943, the JRC reorganizes as the Altestenrat der Juden in Prag. Members of the Jewish Council and their families, along with Jewish partners in mixed marriages are the only remaining Jews in the protectorate by the summer of 1943. (en-US)
Fonte
Braham, Randolph L., The Destruction of the Jews of Carpatho-Ruthenia. Hungarian-Jewish Studies edited by Randolph Braham. pp. 223-235. New York: World Federation of Hungarian Jews and Harry Gantt Publishers, 1966. Vol. 1, pp. 223-235