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(PIQ) Francia CercaDefinizione
Location: Middle and Western Europe, bordered in 1939 by Spain, Italy, Belgium, Switzerland, Germany, and the Atlantic Ocean.
Capital city: Paris
History:
Germany invaded France in May 1940 and subsequently occupied more than half of the country. In unoccupied France, the newly formed Vichy government cooperated with the Germans. Following two years of persecution and anti-Jewish laws, deportations of Jews began in March 1942 and continued into the summer of 1944. Following the Allied invasion of North Africa, Germany violated the armistice of 1940 and occupied southern France on November 11, 1942, although the Vichy government remained nominally in place until Allied and Free French forces liberated the country in 1944. Prior to the German occupation in 1940, there were an estimated 300,000 Jews living in France, approximately 150,000 of them refugees from other countries. An estimated 76,134 Jews from France perished in the Holocaust. The Fourth Republic was established in 1945 and Fifth Republic was established in 1958. (en-US)
Fonte
Wetzel, Juliane. "Frankreich und Belgien." In Dimension des Völkermords: Die Zahl der jüdischen Opfer des Nationalsozialismus. Edited by Wolfgang Benz. Pp. 105-135. München: R. Oldenbourg Verlag, 1991. pp. 109, 113