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Stati Uniti 1900 (1 gennaio) - 1939 (31 agosto) CercaDefinizione
Between 1826 and 1880, the U.S. Jewish community grows from 6,000 to 280,000. This is primarily due to immigration from Germany, Bohemia, and Hungary. Between 1881 and 1914, about 2,750,000 Jews leave Eastern Europe for the United States. With the outbreak of World War I in August 1914, U.S. Jewish immigrants of Central European origin tend to sympathize with Germany, but their allegiance shifts to the Allies as the war progresses. The U.S. enters World War I on April 16, 1917, and the war ends on November 11, 1918. After 1918, the U.S. has the largest Jewish community in the world. The U.S. turns toward isolationism in the 1920s, and popular antisemitism increases, linking Jews to fears of "Bolshevism." The Johnson Act of 1924 gives overwhelming preference to "Nordic" immigrants from Northern and Western Europe, and reduces the flow of Jewish immigrants into the U.S. to a trickle. With the onset of the Depression in fall 1929, discrimination against Jews sharpens, and antisemitism experiences an upsurge during the 1930s. President Franklin D. Roosevelt, however, vocally opposes both antisemitism and Nazism. The annual quota for German immigrants to the U.S. is 25,957; however, a 1930 State Department regulation bars immigrants likely to become public charges. The State Department gradually relaxes this regulation, and about 33,000 Jews are able to enter the U.S. during 1933-1937. After the Anschluss of Austria in March 1938, Roosevelt extends the visitors' visas of 12,000-15,000 German Jews by at least six months. During fiscal 1939, more than 30,000 German Jews are able to enter the U.S. (en-US)
Fonte
Breitman, Richard . "The Failure to Provide a Safe Haven for European Jewry." In FDR and the Holocaust. Edited by Verne W. Newton. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1996. pp. 131-133